Tugas Sofskill ketiga
In 776 B.C., the first
Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor the Greeks’ chief
god, Zeus. The warm climate for outdoor activities, the need for preparedness
in war, and their lifestyle caused the Greeks to create competitive sports.
Only the elite and military could participate at first, but later the games
were open to all free Greek males who had no criminal record. The Greeks
emphasized physical fitness and strength in their education of youth.
Therefore, contest in running, jumping, discuss and javelin throwing, boxing,
and horse and chariot racing were held in individual cities, and the winners
competed every four years at Mount Olympus. Winners were greatly honored by
having olive wreaths placed on their heads and having poems sung about their
deeds. Originally these contests were held as games of friendship, and any wars
in progress were halted to allow the games to take place. They also helped to
strengthen bonds among competitors and the different cities represented.
The
Greeks attached so much importance to the games that they calculated time in
four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C. The contest coincided
with religious festivities and constituted an all-out effort on the part of the
participants to please the gods. Any who disobeyed the rules were dismissed and
seriously punished. These athletes brought shame not only to themselves, but
also to the cities they represented.
1.
Which
of the following is NOT true?
a. Winners placed olive
wreaths on their own heads.
b. The games were held in
Greece every four years.
c. Battles were interrupted
to participate in the games.
d. Poem glorified the winners
in song.
Jawab:
kalimat yang Salah
adalah C. Battles were interrupted to participate in the games. Karena dalam
paragraph di atas
dijelaskan “The contest coincided with religious festivities and constituted an
all-out effort on the part of the participants to please the gods.”
2. The word “elite” in line 5
is closest in meaning to…
a. Aristocracy c.
intellectuals
b. Brave d.
muscular
Jawab:
Jawaban yang Benar
adalah A. Aristocracy. Arti dari “elite” adalah golongan atas atau golongan ,masyarakat elit dan
Aristocracy berarti bangsawan.
3. Why were the Olympic Games
held?
a. To stop wars c.
To crown the best athletes
b. To honor Zeus d. To
sing songs about the athletes
Jawab:
jawaban yang Benar
adalah B. To honor Zeus. Pada kalimat
pertama dijelaskan bahwa “In 776 B.C., the first Olympic Games were held at the
foot of Mount Olympus to honor the Greeks’ chief god, Zeus.”
4. Approximately how many
years ago did these games originate?
a. 800 years b. 1,200 years c. 2,300 years d. 2,800 years
Jawab:
D. 2800 years. Dalam paragraph di atas dikatakan bahwa Olympic Games pertama
kali ada ada tahun 776 B.C ( 776 sebelum masehi ) saat ini tahun 2012 maka
Olympic games terjadi sejak 2012 + 776 = 2788 - 2800 tahun yang lalu.
5. What conclusion can we
draw about the ancient Greeks ?
a. They were pacifists.
b. They believed athletic
events were important
c. They were very simple
d. They couldn’t count, so they
used “Olympiads” for dates
Jawab:
jawaban yang Benar
adalah B. They believed athletic events were important. Di kalimat pertama pada
paragraph ke dua
dijelaskan bahwa “The Greeks attached so much importance to the games that they
calculated time in four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C.
6. What is the main idea of
this passage?
a. Physical fitness was an
integral part of the lives of the ancient Greeks
b. The Greeks severely
punished those who did not participate in physical fitness programs
c. The Greeks had always
encouraged everyone to participate in the games
d. The Greeks had the games
coincide with religious festivities so that they could go back to war when the
games were over.
Jawab:
D. The Greeks had the games coincide with religious festivities so that they
could go back to war when the games were over. Ada pada paragraph kedua, kalimat kedua.
7.
In
line 14, the word “deeds” is closest in meaning to ?
a. Accomplishments
b. Ancestors
c. Documents
d. Property
e. Jawab: A. Accomplishments.
Makna dari “deeds” adalah tindakan atau perbuatan. Yang dalam kalimat tersebut
dapat juga diartikan dengan Accomplishments yang secara harfiah berarti
penyelesaian, prestasi, atau kemahiran.
8. Which of the following was
ultimately required of all athletes competing in the Olympics ?
a. They must have completed
military service
b. They had to attend special
training sessions
c. They had to be Greek males
with no criminal record
d. They had to be very
religious
Jawab:
C. They had to be Greek males with no criminal record. Dijelaskan pada kalimat
ketiga, paragraph pertama yaitu “but later the games
were open to all free Greek males who had no criminal record.”
9. The word “halted” in line
16 means most nearly the same as ..
a. Encourages
b. Started
c. Curtailed
d. Fixed
Jawab:
C. Curtailed. Makna dari “halted” adalah berhenti sebentar yang dalam kalimat
diatas dapat juga berarti Curtailed yang memiliki makna membatasi atau
mengurangi.
10. What is an “Olympiad”?
a. The time it took to finish
the games
b. The time between games
c. The it took to finish a
war
d. The time it took the
athletes to train
Jawab:
B. The time between games. Dijelaskan dalam kalimat “the games that they
calculated time in four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C.”
STYLISTIC
PROBLEMS
1.
The
defendant refused to answer the prosecutor’s questions ____________
a. Because he was afraid it
would incriminate him.
b. For fear that they will
incriminate him
c. Because he was afraid that
his answers would incriminate him
d. Fearing that he will be
incriminated by it
Jawab:
C. Because he was afraid that his answers would incriminate him. Pada soal diketahui bahwa
“questions” adalah bentuk jamak. Maka jawaban C adalah yang tepat karena “that
his answers” juga berbentuk jamak.
2. Mrs. Walker has
returned_______________
a. A wallet back to its
original owner
b. To its original owner the
wallet
c. The wallet to its
originally owner
d. The wallet to its original
owner
Jawab:
D. The wallet to its original owner. Kata “return” diikuti dengan kata “to” dan
owner diikuti dengan adverb. jawaban ini adalah D.
3. The hospital owes____________
for the construction of the new wing.
a. The government twenty
million dollars
b. For the government twenty
million dollars
c. To the government twenty
million dollars
d. Twenty million of dollars
to the government
Jawab:
A. The government twenty million dollars. Pada dasarnya struktur dari kalimat
tersebut setelah verb lalu dilanjutkan dengan objek. Maka jawaban A adalah yang
paling benar.
4. Sarah ____________ that
she could not attend classes next week.
a. Told to her professors
b. Said her professors
c. Told her professors
d. Is telling her professors
Jawab:
C. Told her professors. Susunan yang benar adalah tidak menggunakan “to” maka
jawaban yang benar
adalah C.
5. The artist was asked to
show some paintings at the contest because___________
a. He painted very good
b. They believed he painted
well
c. Of their belief that he
was an good artist
d. The judges had been told
of his talents
Jawab:
B. They believed he painted well. Dari keempat jawaban yang disediakan yang
paling benar
susunannya adalah B karena setelah verb
( painted ) dibutuhkan adverb ( well ) bukan adjective.
6. If motorists do not
observe the traffic regulations, they will be stopped, ticketed, and
A B C
have to pay a fine.
D
Jawab: If motorists do not observe
the traffic regulations, they will be stopped, ticketed, and
have to be paid a fine.
Analisis: karena stopped dan ticketed
dalma bentuk pasif maka have to pay juga harus dalam bentuk pasif. jadi diganti menjadi have to
be paid.
7.
Fred,
who usually conducts the choir rehearsals, did not show up last night
A B
because he had an accident on his way
to the practice.
C D
Jawab: Fred, who usually conducts the
choir rehearsal, did not show up last night
because he had an accident on his way
to the practice.
Analisis: kata rehearsals
tidak memerlukan huruf ‘s’ karena bukan merupakan verb dari “the choir”
8. A short time before her
operation last month, Mrs. Carlyle dreams of her daughter
A B C
who lives overseas.
D
Jawab: A short time before her
operation last month, Mrs. Carlyle dreamed of her daughter
who lives overseas.
Analisis: kalimat di atas bentuknya
lampau. “dreams” seharusnya juga lampau. Jadi
diubah menjadi “dreamed”.
9. The atmosphere in
AndalucÃa is open, warm, and gives a welcome feeling to all
A B
who have the good fortune to visit
there.
C D
Jawab: The atmosphere in
AndalucÃa is open, warm, and gives a welcome feeling to all
that have the good fortune to visit there.
that have the good fortune to visit there.
Analisis: kata
that digunakan untuk menjelaskan "the atmosphere"
10. Some of the people were
standing in the street watched the parade,
A B C
while others were singing songs.
D
Jawab: Some people were standing in
the street watched the parade, while others
were singing songs.
Analisis: Kata "some" tidak diikuti dengan "of
the" maka kata tersebut dihilangkan.
